Content:

• Shuddh Jal aur Swachhta Se SwasthBachpan” campaign
• Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY) — completes 10 glorious Years of empowering Small and Micro Entrepreneurs

Shuddh Jal aur Swachhta Se SwasthBachpan” campaign

Context & Objective

• Campaign Period: 8th to 23rd April 2025 (7th edition).
• Collaborating Ministries:
  • Ministry of Women and Child Development (WCD) – Nodal for Poshan Pakhwada.
  • Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation (DDWS) – Partnering to emphasize water and sanitation under Jal Shakti Ministry.
• Theme: “Shuddh Jal aur Swachhta Se Swasth Bachpan”.
• Tagline: “Purn Poshan Ki Shuruwaat, Shuddh Jal aur Swachhta Ke Saath” – highlighting the linkage of clean water and hygiene with holistic nutrition.

Relevance : GS 2(Governance, Social Justice, Welfare Schemes)

Key Focus Areas of Poshan Pakhwada 2025

First 1000 Days of Life:

• Critical window for child growth and cognitive development.
  • Integrates maternal nutrition, breastfeeding, immunization, and hygiene.

Poshan Tracker App – Beneficiary Module:

• Aims at real-time tracking of nutritional status of beneficiaries.
  • Improves monitoring and accountability of Anganwadi services.

CMAM Module (Community-based Management of Acute Malnutrition):

• Targets early detection and community-based treatment of SAM/MAM children.

Promotion of Healthy Lifestyles:

• Emphasizes prevention of childhood obesity through diet, hydration, and physical activity.

 Role of DDWS: Water, Sanitation & Hygiene (WASH)

• Integration with Saksham Anganwadi: DDWS complements WCD’s effort through WASH campaigns.
• Holistic Health Model: Nutrition + Water + Sanitation = Sustainable Child Health.

Key Activities by States/UTs

Shuddh Jal and Swachhta Drives:

• Community sessions on safe water, hand hygiene, waste segregation, composting.

Capacity Building for Anganwadi Workers:

• Training on clean water access, hygiene messaging, and counselling techniques.

IEC Campaigns for Lactating Mothers:

• Targeted Information, Education & Communication (IEC) outreach led by ASHA and Anganwadi workers.

Smart Poshan Anganwadi Certification:

• Recognition to Anganwadis excelling in sanitation, hygiene, and nutrition standards.

Swachh Jal, Sundar Aangan Initiative:

• Upgrading sanitation infrastructure in Anganwadis via community involvement (SHGs).
  • Use of murals, child-friendly water points to make hygiene attractive to children.

Awareness Rallies:

• Community mobilization to prevent diarrheal diseases and promote handwashing.

 Use of Social Media for Mass Outreach

• Campaign Hashtags:
  • #DDWSJoinsPoshanPakhwada
  • #PoshanPakhwada
• Objective: Digital sensitization, citizen participation, and showcasing state efforts.

Broader Impact & Strategic Integration

• Synergy with Existing Schemes:
  • Jal Jeevan Mission: Safe tap water supply to households.
  • Swachh Bharat Mission – Grameen: Rural sanitation improvement.
• Behavioral Change Communication (BCC):
  • Focus on changing hygiene and nutrition behaviors, especially in rural areas.

 Relevance for Policy & Governance

• Multi-Ministerial Convergence: Demonstrates effectiveness of inter-departmental collaboration.
• Decentralized Implementation: Allows flexibility for local innovations by States/UTs.
• Scalability: Potential for institutionalizing hygiene components into all nutrition programs.

Challenges Ahead

• Ensuring consistent quality of sanitation facilities at Anganwadi centres.
• Sustaining community engagement post-campaign period.
• Monitoring impact on child health and nutritional indicators through data feedback loops.

Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY) — completes 10 glorious Years of empowering Small and Micro Entrepreneurs

Objective and Vision

• Launched on 8th April 2015 by PM Narendra Modi with the vision of “Funding the Unfunded”.
• Aims to provide collateral-free loans to non-corporate, non-farm micro and small enterprises.
• A key pillar under the broader Financial Inclusion (FI) framework:
  • Banking the Unbanked
  • Securing the Unsecured
  • Funding the Unfunded

Relevance : GS 2(Governance , Welfare Schemes ) ,GS 3(Economy)

Salient Features

• Loans now categorized into four segments based on stage of business:
  • Shishu: Up to ₹50,000
  • Kishor: ₹50,001 – ₹5 lakh
  • Tarun: ₹5 lakh – ₹10 lakh
  • Tarun Plus (new in Oct 2024): ₹10 lakh – ₹20 lakh (for repeat, successful borrowers)
• Loans extended through Banks, NBFCs, MFIs, RRBs, etc.
• RBI-governed interest rates with flexible repayment options.
• Covers term loans and working capital for:
  • Manufacturing
  • Services
  • Trading
  • Allied agriculture (poultry, dairy, beekeeping, etc.)

Key Achievements (2015–2025)

• Total Loans Sanctioned: 52.37 crore
• Total Amount Sanctioned:₹33.65 lakh crore
• Enhanced Credit Access:
  • ₹11.58 lakh crore sanctioned to SC/ST/OBC beneficiaries.
  • 68% of loan accounts belong to women entrepreneurs.
• Empowered marginalized groups:
  • Over 50% of beneficiaries are from OBC/SC/ST categories.
  • Loans disbursed to minorities: ₹3.07 lakh crore.

Women Empowerment

• Women received the majority share (68%) of MUDRA loans.
• Acts as a key enabler of women-led economic participation, especially at the grassroots level.
• Bolsters first-generation women entrepreneurs across rural and semi-urban India.

Category-wise Loan Distribution

•  
• Shishu loans dominate in number, indicating deep rural penetration.
• Kishor & Tarun have larger ticket size, reflecting growth-oriented enterprises.

Year-wise Growth in Sanctions

Special Initiatives

• Tarun Plus (2024):
  • New loan category for proven borrowers.
  • Covers ₹10–20 lakh loans, backed by Credit Guarantee Fund for Micro Units (CGFMU).
• Credit Guarantee Fund for Micro Units (CGFMU) established in 2016.
• Interest Subvention Scheme:
  • 2% interest relief on Shishu loans in FY 2020-21 under Aatma Nirbhar Bharat.

Impact and Significance

• Global benchmark in promoting grassroots entrepreneurship through institutional credit.
• Curbed exploitation by informal moneylenders by providing formal, affordable credit.
• Created massive self-employment opportunities and supported job creation indirectly.
• Instrumental in realising PM’s vision of:
  • Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas, Sabka Vishwas, Sabka Prayaas
• Reinforced inclusive growth and financial resilience, especially among rural, SC/ST, OBC, women, and youth populations.

Way Forward

• Leverage technology and digital data (e.g., GST, Udyam, Aadhaar) for better credit appraisal.
• Improve credit monitoring mechanisms to reduce NPAs.
• Scale-up Tarun Plus to nurture high-performing entrepreneurs into growth-stage enterprises.
• Strengthen handholding and capacity building support through entrepreneurship development institutions