Content:

1.    Parliament Question:- Effects of Climate Change

2.    From Spices to Sustainability

Parliament Question Effects of Climate Change

Intro: India’s climate action focuses on increasing forest cover, renewable energy, and addressing regional disparities to align with global sustainability goals.

Relevance:GS 3(Environment)

Forest Cover :

• Total forest cover in India (as per ISFR 2021): 7,13,789 sq. km.

• Net increase since ISFR 2019: 1,540 sq. km.

Contributing factors for the increase:

• Conservation measures.

• Afforestation programs.

• Restoration of degraded lands.

 Regional Trends:

States with Increase in Forest Cover:

• Andhra Pradesh: +647 sq. km.
•  Telangana: +632 sq. km.
• Odisha: +537 sq. km.
• Karnataka: +155 sq. km.
• Kerala: +109 sq. km.

States with Decrease in Forest Cover:

• Arunachal Pradesh: -257 sq. km.
• Manipur: -249 sq. km.
• Nagaland: -235 sq. km.
• Mizoram: -186 sq. km.
• Meghalaya: -73 sq. km.

• Reasons for decline: Natural calamities, anthropogenic pressures, and shifting cultivation.

• National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC): Focuses on solar energy, sustainable habitat, agriculture, health, and forestry (Green India Mission).

India’s renewable energy progress:

• Non-fossil fuel-based energy constitutes 46.52% of installed capacity (as of October 2024).

• Target: 50% by 2030.

 Implications:

• India’s afforestation effort is in sync with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 15: Life on Land. 

• Inclusive climate action demands addressing of regional disparity.

• Strong global finance mechanism is need of the hour.

From Spices to Sustainability

Intro: Geographical Indication (GI) tags plays great role  in preserving and promoting the cultural, agricultural, and economic heritage of North East India.

Relevance: GS 2(Governance)

Vision and Initiative

• Prine Minister vision connects North East India with the trinity of Emotion, Economy, and Ecology, aligning with sustainable and inclusive growth.

• Ashtalakshmi 2024 celebrates the rich diversity, resilience, and heritage of the region.

Role of GI Tags

• GI tags safeguard traditional practices, support local economies, and enhance global recognition for products.

• They promote sustainable economic growth while preserving the unique identity of each region.

Product Highlights by State

• Arunachal Pradesh:
  • Adi Kekir Ginger: Known for medicinal properties, embodies traditional organic farming.

• Other GI products: Wakro Orange, Monpa Maize.

• Sikkim:
  • Dalle Khursani (red chili): A livelihood source for 5,000+ families.

• Other products: Large Cardamom, Temi Tea, Sikkim Orchids, Sikkim Orange.

• Nagaland:
  • Naga King Chilli (Raja Mircha): Among the hottest chilies globally, supports small-scale cultivation.

• Other products: Naga Tree Tomato, Chak Hao rice, Naga Cucumber.

• Assam:
  • Kaji Nimu (lemon): Essential for Assamese cuisine and traditional remedies.

• Other products: Tezpur Litchi, Joha Rice, Bodo spices, Boka Chaul rice.

Cultural and Economic Impact

• Products embody sustainability, skilled craftsmanship, and community empowerment.

• GI tags elevate the market value, ensuring global recognition and fostering economic resilience.

Future Prospects

• The GI initiative aligns with India’s goals for health and sustainability.

• Emphasis on expanding global reach and strengthening the local economy through organic farming and sustainable practices.

Strengths:

• Focuses on sustainable development and community empowerment.

• Recognizes the untapped potential of North East India’s agricultural diversity.

Challenges:

• Requires effective marketing and infrastructure to maximize the benefits of GI-tagged products.

• Addressing socio-economic disparities within the region remains crucial.